Metals and non metals and the economic importance of some metals and non metals

Every day , we can see the matter around us which has a mass and a volume . The matter may exist as an element or a compound .

 

You should know that the element is the simplest form of the matter that can not be analyzed into two substances or more .

 

There are 112 elements .

118 elements have been discovered up till now . And they are divided into the natural elements ( they are 92 elements ) and the artificial elements ( they are 26 elements ) .

 

You should know that the elements are composed of small particles known as the molecules which are composed of the atoms .

 

The elements molecules are formed of the similar atoms that are different from those of the other elements .

 

You should know that the scientists classified the elements according to their properties into the metals and the non - metals .

 

The metals

 

The metals can be hammered to form sheets .

You should know that the metals  are solids except mercury which is liquid . The solid metals as copper , aluminium , lead , gold and silver .

The metals are good conductors of electricity .

The properties of the metals 

 

1. You should know that the metals are shiny . And they have metallic luster if they are pure .

    

2. They are good conductors of the electricity .

    

3. They are good conductors of the heat .

    

4. They have high melting and boiling point .

    

5. They can be bend , They are malleable , And they can be hammered to form sheets .

    

The non-metals 

Some elements of non metals .

They are solids as sulphur , carbon and phosphorous . They are liquids as bromine , And they are gases as oxygen and nitrogen .

 

The properties of the non-metals 

 

1. They do not have metallic luster , They are not shiny .

    

2. They are not malleable or they can not be hammered . They can not be bend .

    

3. They are bad conductors of the heat .

    

4. They are bad conductors of the electricity except carbon .

    

5. They have low melting and boiling points .

    

   

   The difference between metals and non - metals .

Some metals and non metals economic importance 

 

Iron is very important in making the bridges , the car chassis ( the car frames ) , the doors and the sheet lights ( The lamp posts ) , And it is a metal .

 

Copper is very important in making  the electric wires , the statues and the metallic coins , And it is a metal .

 

Aluminium is very important in the manufacture of the cooking pans , The foil paper and some doorknobs , And it is a metal .

 

Gold and silver are used in making jewellery , And they are metals .

 

Carbon ( graphite ) is used in making of the positive electrodes ( The poles ) of the dry batteries ( the cells ) , And it is non metal .

 

Mercury metal is used in making of the thermometers .